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Class 8
Rational Numbers
Subtraction Of Rational Numbers
Class 8
1.
Rational Numbers
1.1.
Understanding Rational Numbers
1.2.
Standard Form of a Rational Number
1.3.
Equivalent Rational Number
1.4.
Comparison Of Rational Numbers
1.5.
Representation of Rational Numbers on the Real Line
1.6.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Numbers
1.6.1.
Addition Of Rational Numbers
1.6.2.
Properties of Addition Of Rational Numbers
1.7.
Subtraction Of Rational Numbers
1.8.
Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers
1.8.1.
Multiplication Of Rational Numbers
1.8.2.
Reciprocal of Rational Number
1.8.3.
Properties Of Multiplication Of Rational Numbers
1.8.4.
Division Of Rational Numbers
1.9.
Rational Numbers Lying between Two Rational Number
1.10.
Simplifying Rational Numbers
1.11.
Word Problems on Rational Numbers
2.
Linear Equations in One Variable
2.1.
Solving Linear Equations by the Method of Transposition
2.2.
Word Problems Based on Linear Equations
3.
Understanding Quadrilaterals
3.1.
Curve
3.1.1.
Open Curve
3.1.2.
Closed Curve
3.1.3.
Simple Closed Curve
3.2.
Polygon
3.2.1.
Understanding Polygons
3.2.2.
Name the Polygon
3.2.3.
Concave and Convex Polygon
3.2.4.
Diagonals in a Polygon with
n
Sides
3.2.5.
Interior and the Exterior Angle of a Regular Polygon with
n
Sides
3.2.6.
Finding Magnitude of Unknown Angles in the Given Polygon
3.3.
Quadrilaterals
3.3.1.
Introduction to Quadrilaterals
3.3.2.
Angle Sum Property of a Quadrilateral
3.3.3.
Special Types of Quadrilaterals
4.
Practical Geometry
4.1.
Construction of a Quadrilateral
4.1.1.
When 4 Sides and 1 Diagonal are Given
4.1.2.
When 3 Sides and 2 Diagonal are Given
4.1.3.
When 2 Adjacent Sides and 3 Angles are Given
4.1.4.
When 3 Sides and 2 Included Angles are Given
4.1.5.
Construction using Special Properties
5.
Data Handling
5.1.
Frequency Distribution
5.1.1.
Frequency Distribution of Ungrouped Data
5.2.
Bar Graphs
5.2.1.
Drawing Bar Graphs
5.2.2.
Interpreting Bar Graphs
5.3.
Pie Charts
5.3.1.
Drawing Pie Charts
5.3.2.
Interpret and Present Data as Pie Charts
6.
Squares and Square Roots
6.1.
Square of a Number
6.1.1.
Square of a Number
6.1.2.
Perfect Square or Square Numbers
6.1.3.
Properties of Perfect Squares
6.1.4.
Sum of First
n
Odd Natural Numbers
6.1.5.
Pythagorean Triplets
6.1.6.
Using Identities to Find the Square of a Number
6.2.
Square Root
6.2.1.
Square Root by Prime Factorization
6.2.2.
Square Root by Long-Division Method
6.2.3.
Square Root Of Numbers In Decimal Form
6.2.4.
Square Root Of Fractions
6.2.5.
Square Root Of Product of Integers
6.2.6.
Simplifying Expressions Involving Square Roots
6.2.7.
Word Problems On Squares And Square Roots
7.
Cubes and Cube Roots
7.1.
Cube of a Number
7.1.1.
Cube Of A Positive Number
7.1.2.
Cubes Of Negative Integers
7.1.3.
Cube Of A Rational Number
7.1.4.
Perfect Cube or Cube numbers
7.1.5.
Properties of Perfect Cubes
7.2.
Cube Root
7.2.1.
Cube Root Of a Perfect Cube by Prime Factorization
7.2.2.
Cube Root of a Negative Perfect Cube
7.2.3.
Cube Root of Product of Integers
7.2.4.
Cube Root of a Rational Number
7.2.5.
Cube Root Of A Decimal Number
7.2.6.
Simplifying Expressions Involving Cube Roots
7.2.7.
Word Problems on Cubes and Cube Roots
8.
Comparing Quantities
8.1.
Percentage
8.1.1.
Conversions
8.1.1.1.
Convert a Fraction into Percentage
8.1.1.2.
Convert a Percentage into Fraction
8.1.1.3.
Convert Percentage into a Ratio
8.1.1.4.
Convert a Ratio into Percentage
8.1.1.5.
Convert Percentage into Decimal form
8.1.1.6.
Convert Decimal into Percentage
8.1.2.
Percentage of a Quantity
8.1.3.
Solving Expressions Involving Percentages
8.1.4.
Word Problems on Percentage
8.2.
Profit and Loss
8.2.1.
Terms Related to Profit and Loss
8.2.2.
Problems on Finding the Gain/Loss and Gain%/Loss%
8.2.3.
Problems on Finding the SP of the Article
8.2.4.
Problems on Finding the CP of the Article
8.2.5.
Problems on Finding the Number of Articles
8.2.6.
Discount
8.2.7.
Tax
8.3.
Simple Interest and Compound Interest
8.3.1.
Simple Interest
8.3.1.1.
Problems on Calculating the Simple Interest and Amount
8.3.1.2.
Problems on Calculating the Rate Percent
8.3.1.3.
Problems on Calculating Time Period
8.3.1.4.
Problems on Calculating the Principal
8.3.2.
Compound Interest
8.3.2.1.
Compound Interest Compounded Annually
8.3.2.1.1.
Compound Interest Compounded Annually and Rates are Same for All the Years
8.3.2.1.2.
Compound Interest Compounded Annually and Rates are Different for Different Years
8.3.2.1.3.
Compound Interest Compounded Annually and Time is a Fraction
8.3.2.2.
Finding Time When Compound Interest Compounded Annually
8.3.2.3.
Finding Rate When Compound Interest Compounded Annually
8.3.2.4.
Finding Principal When Compound Interest Compounded Annually
8.3.2.5.
Compound Interest Compounded Half-Yearly
8.3.2.6.
Compound Interest Compounded Quarterly
8.3.2.7.
Applications of Compound Interest
9.
Algebraic Expressions and Identities
9.1.
Operations on Algebraic Expressions
9.1.1.
Addition of Algebraic Expressions
9.1.2.
Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions
9.1.3.
Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions
9.1.4.
Multiplication of Algebraic Expressions
9.1.4.1.
Multiplication of Monomials
9.1.4.2.
Multiplication of a Monomial and a Binomial
9.1.4.3.
Multiplication of a Polynomial and a Monomial
9.1.4.4.
Multiplication of Binomials
9.1.4.5.
Multiplication of two Polynomials
9.1.4.6.
Simplify Expressions Involving Multiplication of Algebraic Expressions
9.1.5.
Division of Algebraic Expressions
9.1.5.1.
Division of a Monomial by a Monomial
9.1.5.2.
Division of a Polynomial by Another Polynomial
9.1.6.
Some Special Identities
10.
Visualising Solid Shapes
10.1.
Identifying 3-D Shapes
10.2.
Faces, Edges and Vertices of 3-D Shapes (Cuboid, Cube, Prism and Pyramid)
10.3.
Euler's Relation for 3-Dimensional Figures
11.
Mensuration
11.1.
Standard Units of Area
11.2.
Area and Perimeter
11.2.1.
Area and Perimeter of a Square
11.2.2.
Area and Perimeter of a Rectangle
11.2.3.
Area of 4 Walls of a Room
11.2.4.
Area between Two Rectangles
11.2.5.
Area and Perimeter of Triangles
11.2.6.
Area and Perimeter of Parallelogram and Rhombus
11.2.7.
Circumference and Area of a Circle
11.2.8.
Area Enclosed Between Two Different Shapes
11.2.9.
Area of a Trapezium
11.2.10.
Area of Polygon
11.2.10.1.
Area of Irregular Polygons
11.2.10.2.
Area of Regular Polygons
11.3.
Volume and Surface Area
11.3.1.
Volume and Surface Area of Cuboid
11.3.2.
Volume and Surface Area of Cube
11.3.3.
Volume and Surface Area of Cylinders
11.3.4.
Mixed Problems on Volume and Surface Area
12.
Exponents and Powers
12.1.
Exponent of a Rational Number
12.2.
Express Rational Numbers in Exponential Form
12.3.
Solving Expressions Involving Exponents
12.4.
Laws of Exponents
12.5.
Word Problems on Exponents
12.6.
Finding the Unknown from the Given Exponential Equation
12.7.
Standard Form of Large Numbers
12.8.
Standard Form of Small Numbers
12.9.
Operations on Large Numbers
13.
Direct and Inverse Proportions
13.1.
Direct Proportions
13.2.
Inverse Proportions
13.3.
Time and Work
14.
Factorization
14.1.
Factorization by Taking Out the Common Factor
14.2.
Factorization by Grouping
14.3.
Factorization When the Expression is a Difference of Two Squares
14.4.
Factorization When the Expression is a Perfect Square
14.5.
Factorization of Quadratic Trinomials
15.
Introduction to Graphs
15.1.
Understand the Terms Related to Co-ordinate Geometry
15.2.
Identify the Coordinates of a Point on the Cartesian Plane
15.3.
Identify the Coordinates of the Points on X-axis, Y-axis and the Origin
15.4.
Identify the Quadrant of a Point
15.5.
Graphs of Multiples of Different Numbers
16.
Playing with Numbers
16.1.
Numbers in Generalized Form
16.2.
Tests of Divisibility
16.2.1.
Test Divisibility by 2
16.2.2.
Test Divisibility by 3
16.2.3.
Test Divisibility by 4
16.2.4.
Test Divisibility by 5
16.2.5.
Test Divisibility by 6
16.2.6.
Test Divisibility by 7
16.2.7.
Test Divisibility by 8
16.2.8.
Test Divisibility by 9
16.2.9.
Test Divisibility by 10
16.2.10.
Test Divisibility by 11
16.3.
Replacing Alphabets with Suitable Numbers
17.
Miscellaneous Topics
17.1.
Probability
Class 8 NCERT (CBSE and ICSE)
Subtraction Of Rational Numbers
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